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Long QT Syndrome
Practice EssentialsLong QT syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiograms and a propensity to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which may lead t Read more
Second-Degree Atrioventricular Block
Practice EssentialsSecond-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, or second-degree heart block, is characterized by disturbance, delay, or interruption of atrial impulse conduction through the AV node to Read more
Sinus Node Dysfunction
BackgroundSinus node dysfunction (SND) refers to abnormalities in SN impulse formation and propagation and includes sinus bradycardia, sinus pause/arrest, chronotropic incompetence, and sinoatrial exi Read more
Junctional Rhythm
BackgroundCardiac rhythms arising from the atrioventricular (AV) junction occur as an automatic tachycardia or as an escape mechanism during periods of significant bradycardia with rates slower than t Read more
Ventricular Premature Complexes
BackgroundVentricular premature complexes (VPCs) are ectopic impulses originating from an area distal to the His Purkinje system. VPCs are the most common ventricular arrhythmia. Assessment and treatm Read more
Ventricular Tachycardia
Practice EssentialsMost sudden cardiac deaths in the United States are caused by ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF), at an estimated rate of approximately 300,000 deaths per Read more
Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis
Practice EssentialsCoronary artery atherosclerosis is the single largest killer of men and women in the United States. It is the principal cause of coronary artery disease (CAD), in which atherosclero Read more
Macroaneurysm
OverviewRetinal macroaneurysms are acquired, usually round dilations of the large arterioles of the retina. They are commonly associated with macular exudation and hemorrhage, which may result in decr Read more
Cardiac Sarcoma
BackgroundPrimary cardiac neoplasms are rare entities,[1, 2, 3] with an autopsy prevalence of 0.001-0.28%. The most common primary malignant tumor of the heart and pericardium is sarcoma.Angiosarcoma Read more
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